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4 Sheets E. w. GOOD ALEL, Machine for Making Envelopes, Bags, &c.

Patented Oct. 9, 1855.

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4 Shets Shet 2.

v E. w. GOODALE Machine .for Making Envglopes, Bags, 6w.

- Patented Oct. 9, 1855 4 SheetsSheet 3.

E. W. GOODALE. Machine for Making Envlopes, Bags, &c.

Patnted Oct. 9, 1855.

N. PETERS. Photo-Dino 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. E. W. GOODALE. 7

Machine for Making Enve\0pes; Bags,v &c.

No. 13,647. r Patented Oct- 9, 1855.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

E. W. GOODALE, OF CLINTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

MACHINE FOR MAKING ENVELOPS, 8w.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 13,647, dated October9, 1855; Reissued April 16, 1861, No. 1,170.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, E. V. GooDALE, of Clinton, in the county oflVorcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Machinery for Making Envelops or Bags of Paper orother Material; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which-Figure l, is a side elevation of an envelop machine constructedaccording to my invention. Fig. 2, is a plan of the same. Fig. 3, is acentral longitudinal vertical section of the same. Fig. 4, is atransverse vertical section of the same, in the line of Fig. 1. Fig. 5,is a side view of a portion of the machine seen looking in the oppositedirection to Fig. 1. Fig. 6, shows an envelop blank unfolded. Fig. 7,shows the faces of the folding stand and the plunger P. Fig. 8, exhibitsa detail view of a portion of the machine.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the severalfigures.

This invention consists in certain novel devices and in certainarrangements and combinations of known devices, by which a piece ofplain paper of proper form may be made into a perfect envelop eitherplain or embossed with stamp and with gluten for self sealing.

To enable others skilled in the art tomake and use my invention, I willproceed to describe its construction and operation.

A, A, is the frame work of the machine, 13, is the main shaft, whichcarries a num ber of cams by which motion is given to the differentparts of the machine.

C, is a table, which carries a pile of blanks a, (6, Figs. 1 and 3, fromwhich the envelops are to be formed, the said blanks being supposed tobe cut to the proper form before being introduced into the machine. Thetable C, is attached to an upright shaft C, which works in proper guidesc, c, and rests on a. scroll cam C fast upon a horizontal shaft D, whichis parallel with and near to the main shaft B. This shaft D, has not acomplete rotary motion but only turns far enough to enable the cam 0 toraise the table C, up to bring the top blank of the pile a, a, which isshown by red lines in Figs. 1 and 3, in contact with the under side ofthe gluten dish 6, which is supported above the table by two standards6, Z), which stand one on each side of the table; the said shaft beingoperated upon for the above purpose by a spring (Z, applied to a cord d,which winds partly around a pulley (Z shown dotted in Fig. 3, which isfast on one end of the said shaft. The action of the above spring andcord is such as to make it turn the shaft D- to bring the rising part ofthe cam into operation and raise the shaft 0, of the table, and theeffect is to press the paper upward toward or against the bottom of thedish Z), so that when one sheet has been removed, another is brought tothe same level.

The several blanks while upon or above the table C, are submitted tothree distinct operations, viz: the pasting, for the purpose of unitingthe three flaps which form the back of the envelop, the application ofthe gluten to the remaining flap, or as it is termed, the seal flap tomake the envelop iielf sealing, and the stamping of the seal E, is acurved head of metal standing partly over the table C, and havingattached to it thepaste box 6, which carries the paste to stick togetherthe three first named flaps of the envelop, the gluten die, 7", whichtakes the gluten from the gluten dish I), and puts it on the seal flapand a screw 9, which gives pressure to the stamp which stamps the sealon the seal flap. The head E, is carried by two cranks (Z, cl, of equallength on two horizontal shafts (Z, (Z, which are placed one above theother parallel with the shafts B and D. These shafts (Z, d, are gearedtogether so as to move always in the same direction, by means of a spurwheel (P, on each, gearing with a spur wheel h*, which is fitted to turneasily on a fixed axle if. This wheel h carries an arm it, which isconnected by a rod 723*, with a lever F, which is operated upon by a camF, on the main shaft to draw down the arm h and give the wheel if, aboutone-sixth of a revolution, thereby giving nearly one third of arevolution to the shaft-s (ll, cl, and their cranks in the direction ofthe arrows shown near them in Fig. 3, to carry the head E from theposition shown in Fig. 3, where the gluten die f, is in the gluten dish6, to that shown in Fig. 1, where the gluten die rests on the top sheetof the pile of blanks, the

head being returned again by the action of a spring 2', which holds thelever up in contact with the cam.

The paste box 6, is attached to the front part of the head E. It is ofangular or V form in its transverse section as shown in Fig. 3, the apexof the V, being at the bottom. Its horizontal form should correspondwith the line in which the paste is to be laid upon the blank, forinstance if the envelop blank were of the form represented in Fig. 6,the horizontal form of the trough would require to correspond with themargin of the flap 3, which is the only part requiring to be pasted.

As the horizontal form of the box requires to be varied to suit theenvelop, I have for convenience sake represented it as being straight.The bottom of the box is closed except at the proper time to apply thepaste, by means of a spring flap or swing valve j, see Fig. 1, but atthe proper time for applying the paste, the said flap is opened by alever 7' attached to the said valve striking a small stand 7' which isattached to the gluten trough b. When the opening occurs, the bottom ofthe paste box is in contact with the paper and pressing lightly upon it,the pressure being made yielding by springs 7' applied to the trough.The gluten die f, is attached to the head E, behind the paste box. Itconsists of a solid piece of metal, wood or other suitable materialfaced if necessary with cloth or leather, its face corresponding in formwith the margin of the seal flap, see t, Fig. 6. Like the paste box itis arranged to press upon the paper with a yielding pressure by means ofsprings f. The screw 9, by which pressure is given to the seal flapstamp, is behind the gluten die and is screwed into the head and securedby a jam nut g. The seal flap stamp consists of two dies h, h, of whichthe former, having a hard steel. face containing the reverse impressiontostamp the seal outside of the seal flap is at the bottom and thelatter containing the obverse impression and having a soft metal face isat the top. The die h, is attached to an arm 71, which is secured to aslider F* arranged to slide in a suit able fixed guides F*, and whichreceives a movement back and forth by means of an elbow lever j operatedupon by a cam G, on the main shaft B, and a spring 1, connecting thesaid slider with one of its guides. At the front extremity of the arm71, there is a wedge shaped piece 2", standing in front of the die, theduty of which is to pass under the top envelop blank on the pile to makeroom for the die It, to get under; the said top blank being at the timeof the entrance of the said wedge below it, raised a little by thegluten die, as the latter commences rising after putting on the gluten;and the table, with the remainder of the pile of blanks, being at thesame time lowered a little by the action of a small cam H, see Fig. 8 onthe main shaft B, upon an elbow lever H, which is fitted loosely to theshaft D, and which carries a pawl 70, which engages with a ratchet wheelI, which is fast on the shaft D. By the action of this cam, the lowerarm of the elbow lever H, is depressed 'and the upper arm thrown forwardfor its pawl to turn the ratchet wheel and shaft D, and the cam G ashort distance in the proper direction for the upright shaft C, todescend the cam and carry down the table and its pile of blanks. Thetable C, and the pile of blanks are raised again after the prominentpart of the cam H, passes the elbow lever by the action of the spring d,cord cl, and pulley d before described. The combination of the ratchetwheel and the elbow lever and pawl allow of a greater or less movementbeing given by the cam H, to the cam C The top die h, is attached to anarm Z, which is carried by a small spindle Z, working in bearings Z Zattached to the slider F, the said spindle having a spring m, coiledaround it to keep the die h, a little raised from h, except during thestamping operation.

As the operations of those parts of the machine whose construction hasbeen thus far described are all intimately related, it

may be well to describe their operations and to show the state to whichthey bring the process of making the envelop before proceeding with thedescription of the construction of the other parts of the machine. Iwill first suppose the machine to be in the condition represented inFig. 3. The top blank of the pile is at that time receiving the pasteand having its seal flap stamped by the dies 72,, h, and the gluten dief, is charging itself with gluten from the dish 5, ready for applyingthe gluten to the next blank. As the movement of the head E, commencesin a backward direction, or toward -the position shown in Fig, 3, thetop blank is removed by a pair of nlppers 0, 0, hereinafter to bedescribed, the said blank being released from the stamping dies h, h, bythe spring m, raising the upper die h, as soon as the screw g, leavesit. The gluten die charged with gluten is carried back by the head E,until it is deposited upon the blank which is now at the top of thepile. As soon as the gluten die has been pressed on to the blank, themovement of the cam C by means of the ratchet motion on its shaft, takesplace and the table C, with all the pile of blanks except the top one,descends, leaving the top blank sticking to the gluten die. Just at thismoment the forward movement of the head E takes place and the dies h, h,are brought forward by the movement of the slider F. Owing to theattachment of the head E, to cranks the first part of its movement is inan upward direction, and after this upward movement commences, the wedgeshaped extremity z", of the arm 2', carrying the lower die it, entersbet-ween the top blank and the remainder of the pile, and is followed bythe die h. lVhen the head E, has moved a short distance the blank beingarrested in its upward movement by striking the gluten dish Z), becomesdetached from the gluten die, but not before the dies 71, it, have received the point of the seal flap or the part which is to receive thestamp, between them, the said dies still remaining open. The for wardmotion of the head E, continues, leaving the lower arm 2', which carriesthe lower die it, rest-ing on the pile of blanks. Just before theforward movement of the head E terminates, the lever j, strikes thestand j and opens the spring valve 7', of the paste trough to supply thepaste necessary to stick the flaps 1, 2, and 3, (see Fig. 6) together.The latter part of the forward movement of the head being in a downwarddirection brings the screw 9 down upon the upper die it, and gives thepressure necessary to stamp the seal flap. It, at the same time, bringsdown upon the paper the edge of a thin plate or creaser n, which isattached to and parallel with the paste box, and creases the paper nearthe edge where it is pasted, to make it stick better. Then the head E,returns again, the spring valve of the paste box, closes as soon as thelever j, clears the stand 9' During the return of the head E, thenippers O, 0, come into operation to remove the top blank to the foldingstand J, which is placed a short distance in advance of the table C. Thelower jaw O, of these nippers, is attached rigidly to a horizontal barK, which occupies atransverse position in the machine, and is attachedto a slider K, shown best in Fig. 5, which is fitted to slide on twohorizontal bars 2), 72, secured to standards erected on one side of theframework A. The upper jaw O, is attached to a spindle 0*, which isfitted to turn freely in bearings secured to the bar K, and it has acoiled spring applied in such a manner as to turn it in a direction todepress the jaw and close the nippers, when the upper aw is not held upthrough the agency of a spring catch 1', which is attached to the sliderK, and made to arrest a lever 1*, attached to the spindle 0*, duringwhole time the nippers are intended to be held open. The nippers arecaused to be opened and closed by the movement back and forth which theyreceive for the purpose of carrying the blank. The nippers go backwardopen to receive the blank and at the end of their movement in thatdirection are closed by the release of the lever r, from the springcatch 1", the said release being effected by the said catch being throwninward by passing inside a fixed inclined guide piece r After thenippers have advanced with the blank far enough to place it on thefolding stand J, the lever r, comes in contact with a fixed stop W andthe concluding portion of the movement of the slider K, throws back thelever 1", till it is caught by the catch 1", which holds it open duringthe next backward movement. The movement of the slider K, which carriesthe nippers is effected in proper time by its being connected by a linkwith the longer arm of an albow lever L, the shorter arm of whichcarries a pin which bears on the periphery of a cam L, on the main shaftB, the said pin being kept always in contact with the cam by a spring orsprings s, s.

The folding stand J, upon which the folding of the envelop or bag isperformed, is a table of metal of the same size and form as the finishedbag or envelop is intended to be. Attached to the four sides of thisstand are hinged four lappers t, t Z Z which are substantially similarto what are termed the side lappers in the paper bag machine for whichLetters Patent were granted to me bearing date May 24:, 1855, and areoperated in a somewhat similar manner to crease and fold the envelopsbymeans of bent levers" u, 7.6 a a pivoted to the stand J, and rods "0', cc '0 connecting the said levers with long levers M, M M 3 operated uponby cams l N N N on the main shaft B. The lappers are thrown back afterthe creasing and folding operations by springs t*, applied to theirhinges. Above the folding stand is a block or plunger P, of the samesize as the stand. This plunger is attached to a sliding head 0, whichworks on suitable vertical guides attached to the framework A of themachine and receives a vertical motion by being connected with a lever Qwhich is operated upon by a cam Q, on the main shaft. At the time theblank is laid upon the folding stand the lappers are all thrown open orapart and occupy a horizontal position, standing a distance above thestand J, equal to the thickness of the joint of the hinge. The blank isreceived upon these folders and immediately after the plunger descendsand carries the central portion of the blank which is to form the frontof the envelop down between the hinges of the lappers, the said hingesforming as it were the sides of a female die. As soon as the plunger hasdescended, the lappers 6, t 6 rise simultaneously to a nearly verticalpo sition and thus crease the three laps 1, 2, 3, of the envelop in theline in which they are to be folded. After that has been done theplunger rises, when the three lappers aforesaid without going back fallover one at a time in turn as they are numbered, to the positions shownin red in Fig. 1, and fold down the three flaps, being also followed bythe lap i which folds the seal flap. The gluten which is applied to theseal flap is of such a nature asto dry quickly and having been appliedearlier than. the paste, becomes dry before the folding operation, sothat it does not stick, while the paste remains wet to stick the threeflaps 1, 2, 3, together. The seal flap receives no preparatory creasingoperation like the other three flaps, and as when the folding operationtakes place, the plunger P, is raised, something else is necessary tocrease the paper in the proper line, and for this purpose I employ twocreasers w, only one of which is shown in the drawing, (see Figs. 2 and4,) arranged one at each side of the stand. These creasers consist eachof a finger w, attached to a bent lever B, which is arranged to worktransversely of the machine on a fixed pivot w. These levers areconnected with and operated by the lever M, by which the lapper t, isoperated, to throw the fingers 20, down upon the envelop at the time thelapper t commences to operate. After the folding is completed, thelappers being released by their respective cams are suddenly thrownbackor open-ed by the springs 3* in their hinges leaving the finishedenvelop free to be lifted up and removed by a pair of nippers 3 3arranged for that purpose, as shown in Figs. 4, 2, and 1.

The upper jaw, 3 of the nippers y, shown best in Fig. 4c, is attached tothe hon- Zontally bent end of a vertically vibrating elbow lever S. Thelower jaw is attached to the upper jaw, in a manner similar to that inwhich the upper jaw of the nippers 0, 0, is attached to the lowerjaw,being secured to a spindle 3/*, having a coiled spring applied toclose it and a lever z, to be caught by a spring catch 2*, best shown inFig. 1, attached to the lever S, for the purpose of holding it open. Theopening and closing of the nippers is governed by the movement back andforth which they receive for the purpose of taking away the envelops.They move open toward the stand and as soon as they have received theenvelop between them the spring catch comes in contact with a fixeddisengaging piece 2, attached to the framework of the machine and isthereby thrown aside to liberate the lever 2, by which they have beenheld open. Returning with the envelop, they remain closed until thelever 2, strikes a fixed stop piece 2 and thereby arrested, until by thecontinued movement of the nippers it has been caused to open the nippersand been caught by the catch 2*. When the nippers open the envelop maybe taken away by hand or drop out into a suitable receptacle. Themovement of the elbow lever S, to carry the nippers back and forth iseffected by a long lever T, upon which the lower arm of the elbow leverrests and a cam T, on the main shaft P). The lifting up of the envelopfrom the folding stand, as shown in Fig. 4t, where the envelop is shownin red color high enough to be caught by the nippers y, y, wlnch passabove the open lapper W, is effected by means of a small lifter 10,which works through the stand J, near the end next to the nippers. Thislifter at all times except when it is required to raise the envelop isflush with the face of the stand but while the nippers are movingforward, it is raised, by a stud 8, on one side of the lever S, strikingdown one arm of a small lever 9, see Fig. At, the other arm of whichstands below the bottom of the said lifter.

The relation between the movements of the creasing and folding devicesand the nippers y, 3 and those of the devices for pasting, applying thegluten and stamping and the nippers 0, 0, is such that an en velop isundergoing the process of creasing and folding on the stand J, while ablank is being pasted, stamped, etc., on or above the table C; and thenippers 0, 0, and 3 y, operate almost simultaneously,those y, y, eing alittle the quickest so as to remove the folded envelop from the stand J,before the next blank is placed there.

The embossing of the envelop, when it is desired, may be performedduring the manufacture by having the faces of the folding stand J, andplunger P, suitably engraved or otherwise prepared to produce therequired impression. When this is intended it will be well to have thestand J, and the plunger P, heated by steam.

Instead of the spring flap at the bottom of the paste box a roller mightbe employed carrying a ratchet wheel which would be operated upon by apawl carried by a lever arranged substantially in the position of j, andoperated upon by coming in contact with a stand, j in the gluten trough.

It is obvious that a machine which makes envelops will make bags, as themain difference between an envelop and a bag, is in the form of thelaps. In making bags it is better to perform the cutting of the paperfrom a roll in the same machine but that cannot so well be done inmaking envelops owing to the difliculty of cutting them to the properform by shears. I will briefly refer to some slight modifications whichwould be necessary to adapt the machine represented in the drawings tomake bags. The seal stamp it, it, would be dispensed with and the head Ewould require to be either bent or so arranged as to allow the paper, asit was cut from a roll, by shears such as are described in my LettersPatent of May 24th 1855, to pass at the side of it. The pieces of paperto form the bags will be cut-off while above the table C, and willreceive the gluten and paste like the envelop, allowance being made inthe paste box and gluten die for their particular form. The nippers 0,0, will serve not only to deposit the blank on the folding stand butwill serve to take the paper from the roll, and measure it off to theproper length. The shears are arranged so as not to cut it off tillafter it is pasted and deposited on the folding stand. The arrangementof and number of the lappers to make a bag with a flap for sealing wouldbe the same as for an envelop, the form however requiring to be somewhatdifferent. In making small bags two may be made at once by sticking allfour laps and cutting the bags in two parts after they leave the foldingstand, by a pair of shears properly arranged. The bags may have amerchants card or other inscription printed on them by a stamp V,arranged as shown in Fig. 8, to work through the table C, and operatedfor that purpose by one of the cam levers of the machine. This stampwill require to be inked by some suitable means.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,

1. The employment, in a machine for making envelops or bags, to supportthe blanks during either or all of the operations of pasting, stampingand applying the gluten, of a self adjusting table C, supported by a camwhose position is so controlled by a spring or its equivalent applied toits shaft, that, as the blanks are removed one by one the table iscaused to rise to bring the next one to the proper height or position tobe pasted, stamped or have the gluten applied, substantially as hereinset forth.

2. Giving the self adjusting table a drop movement substantially asdescribed, by means of the cam H, the lever H, pawl k, ratchet wheel I,or their equivalents, acting on the shaft of the supporting cam 0 3.Applying the gluten which makes the envelop or bag self sealing, to thatpart of the blank which is to form the seal flap or closing flap of theenvelop or bag, by a die while in the machine at the commencement of theprocess, substantially as herein described, whereby the said die servesthe two purposes of applying the gluten and of lifting the blanks one ata time from the pile or retaining the top one while the remainder of thepile is lowered away from it.

4. Applying the two dies h, h, to two arms or jaws i, Z, which areconnected together by a hinge or its equivalent, arranged at the rear ofthe table C, and have a sliding motion back and forth, substan tially asdescribed, to move the said dies out of the way of every successiveblank, till the latter has had the gluten applied, and been separatedfrom the pile, and then to bring them forward again to receive theseparated blank and to receive the pressure of the screw g, or itsequivalent.

Attaching the paste box, the gluten die and the screw 9, or otherequivalent device which gives pressure to the stamp which produces theseal, to a head E, receiving such a motion as is herein described from apair of cranks or their equivalent.

6. The employment of a pair of nippers 0, 0, having a motion of apositive length in the line or parallel with the line in which the blankis required to move from the pasting to the folding apparatus, either totake a cut blank from a table, or to draw the material before it is cut,from a roll, and measure off the proper length to be cut, substantiallyas herein set forth.

7. The method of giving the necessary movement to the lappers t, t t iby means of the bent levers a, a a a and the springs t applied to theirhinges, substantially as herein described.

8. The creasing fingers 'w, arranged and operating substantially asherein described, to hold the blank in position and crease it in theline for folding the seal flap substantially as herein described.

9. The nippers e, y, arranged and operating in a lateral direction,substantially as herein described, to remove the finished envelops orbags at one side of the folding stand.

10. The lifter 10, applied substantially as herein described, to thefolding stand and operated by the lever which carries the nippers 3 y,for the purpose of lifting the finished envelop or bag at one sidethereof from the stand to enable it to be taken by the nippers.

11. Applying a stamp V, to work through the table C, substantially asdescribed, for the purpose of stamping a card or other impression on abag during the process of manufacture.

12. The general arrangement and combination of the. several workingparts of the machine, substantially as herein set forth.

E. N. GOODALE.

Witnesses:

SILAS PIPER, C. F. WV. PARKHURST.

[Fms'r PRINTED 1912.]

